prose
General Overview
Subject: Literature-in-English
Theme:
Topic: A General Overview (prose)
Sub Topic:
Date: dd/mm/yyyy
Class: S.S 3
Average Age: 16 years and above
Duration: 40 Minutes
No of Learners: 40
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Defined prose.
Prose is one of the three main genres of literature. It refers to a form of expression that is written or spoken without a structured meter or rhythm. Unlike poetry, prose is written in sentences and paragraphs, typically organized into chapters. It is used to express ideas, thoughts, and actions in a logical and grammatical manner.2. Classification of prose.
Prose can be classified into two major categories:A. Prose Fiction:
These are imaginative stories that entertain and sometimes enlighten readers about life. Characters and events in prose fiction do not exist in reality, though they may reflect societal issues.Examples include novels and short stories.
B. Non-Fiction Prose:
Unlike prose fiction, this category is based on real events and actual people’s lives. Examples include autobiographies and biographies.3. List and explain Other Aspects of Prose:
i. Novel: A lengthy, fictional narrative that unfolds through the actions, thoughts, and dialogues of its characters. It provides a detailed exploration of events.ii. Short Story: A brief, fictional work that focuses on a single event or character. It can usually be read in one sitting.
iii. Novella: A prose narrative that is shorter than a novel but longer than a short story.
iv. Autobiography: A true account of someone’s life written by themselves.
v. Biography: A factual story of a person’s life written by someone else.
4. Explain the Elements of Prose:
a. Setting: The time, location, and environment where the events take place in the story.b. Plot: The sequence of events and actions in the story. It can either be an organic plot (logically connected events) or an episodic plot (events not tightly connected).
c. Theme: The central message or purpose of the story. It reflects the underlying meaning or idea.
d. Characterization: The process through which the author develops and describes characters in a story, making them feel real or relatable.
e. Point of View: The perspective from which the story is told. It could be first person (using "I") or third person (omniscient or all-knowing narrator).
f. Style: The distinct way in which a writer expresses their ideas, including their choice of words, sentence structure, and tone.
5. List the Characteristics of Prose:
a. Prose deals with human affairs and life experiences.b. It is organized into paragraphs.
c. It often focuses on imaginary characters and stories.
d. It is primarily an imaginative form of writing.
e. Prose follows a structured plot with a beginning, middle, and end.
6. List and explain Types of Prose:
i. Romantic Prose: Focuses on love and relationships.Examples include Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen.
ii. Didactic Prose: Written to teach moral lessons.
iii. Epistolary Prose: Novels written in the form of letters, like Tides by Isidore Okpewho.
iv. Historical Prose: Prose works based on historical events.
v. Sociological Prose: Focuses on social events and issues. Black Boy by Richard Wright is an example.
Rationale:
The word "Literature" comes from the Latin word "litera," meaning written or printed material. In ancient times, literature was mainly oral and often involved storytelling, singing, and dancing. These early forms of expression were thought to be inspired by divine beings. For example, in Greek culture, the Muses were goddesses believed to inspire art, music, and literature. Similarly, in African traditions, the Griot was a storyteller, singer, and poet who played a key role in preserving the oral history and culture of their people.Prerequisite/ Previous knowledge:
Storyings, songs, history etc.Learning Resources:
Flash cards, an audio video youtube examples, Available useful objects.Reference Materials:
1. Exam focus on Literature in English by J.O.J Nwachukwu et’al.2. Standard literature in English vol.4 by Tony Duru
3. Ilozue R.O.C (2018) Authority on Literature in English for schools and colleges
4. Internet sources
Lesson Development:
STAGE |
TEACHER'S ACTIVITY |
LEARNER'S ACTIVITY |
LEARNING POINTS |
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP 1: INTRODUCTION Individual Student |
The teacher asks the student to mention various types of literature materials they have read. | The students mention various types of books they have read e.g. Novel, Poetry, Story books etc. | Identification of Prior Ideas |
| STEP 2: EXPLORATION Entire Class |
The teacher’s leads the students to understand that Prose is one of the three main genres of literature. It refers to a form of expression that is written or spoken without a structured meter or rhythm. Unlike poetry, prose is written in sentences and paragraphs, typically organized into chapters. It is used to express ideas, thoughts, and actions in a logical and grammatical manner. | The students should write down what the teacher explains and listen attentively. | Definition of Prose |
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| STEP 3: DISCUSSION Entire class |
The teacher display the chart and classified prose into two major categories with the students thus: 1) Prose Fiction: These are imaginative stories that entertain and sometimes enlighten readers about life. Characters and events in prose fiction do not exist in reality, though they may reflect societal issues. Examples include novels and short stories. 2) Non-Fiction Prose: Unlike prose fiction, this category is based on real events and actual people’s lives. Examples include autobiographies and biographies. 3) Other Aspects of Prose: i. Novel: A lengthy, fictional narrative that unfolds through the actions, thoughts, and dialogues of its characters. It provides a detailed exploration of events. ii. Short Story: A brief, fictional work that focuses on a single event or character. It can usually be read in one sitting. iii. Novella: A prose narrative that is short er than a novel but longer than a short story. iv. Autobiography: A true account of someone’s life written by themselves. v. Biography: A factual story of a person’s life written by someone else. |
The students discuss all the categories and aspects of prose with the teacher and copy them in their notes. | Better understanding of Categories, aspects, element, characteristic and types of prose. |
| The teacher explains Elements of Prose with the students thus: a. Setting: The time, location, and environment where the events take place in the story. b. Plot: The sequence of events and actions in the story. It can either be an organic plot (logically connected events) or an episodic plot (events not tightly connected). c. Theme: The central message or purpose of the story. It reflects the underlying meaning or idea. d. Characterization: The process through which the author develops and describes characters in a story, making them feel real or relatable. e. Point of View: The perspective from which the story is told. It could be first person (using "I") or third person (omniscient or all-knowing narrator). f. Style: The distinct way in which a writer expresses their ideas, including their choice of words, sentence structure, and tone. |
The students discuss all the elements of prose with the teacher and copy them in their notes. | ||
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| The teacher list the Characteristics of Prose with the students thus: a. Prose deals with human affairs and life experiences. b. It is organized into paragraphs. c. It often focuses on imaginary characters and stories. d. It is primarily an imaginative form of writing. e. Prose follows a structured plot with a beginning, middle, and end. |
The students discuss all the characteristics of prose with the teacher and copy them in their notes. | ||
| The teacher discuss types of Prose with the students thus: i. Romantic Prose: Focuses on love and relationships. Examples include Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. ii. Didactic Prose: Written to teach moral lessons. iii. Epistolary Prose: Novels written in the form of letters, like Tides by Isidore Okpewho. iv. Historical Prose: Prose works based on historical events. v. Sociological Prose: Focuses on social events and issues. Black Boy by Richard Wright is an example. |
The students discuss all the types of prose with the teacher and copy them in their notes. | ||
| STEP 4: APPLICATION Entire class |
The teacher ask the students to read through all they have copied and give more examples as directed by the teacher. They take corrections where they are wrong. | The students do what the teacher ask them to do. | Better understanding of Prose, its aspects, element, characteristics and types of prose. |
| STEP 5: EVALUATION Individual students |
The teacher should ask the students question and to test them. 1. What is prose? 2. Mention any five aspects of prose. 3. Give two examples of elements of prose. |
The students respond to the questions correctly. | Asking the learners questions to assess the achievement of the set objectives. |
| ASSIGNMENT | The teacher gives learners take home. What is Differences between the following: 1) Novel and Short stories 2) Novella and Novel 3) Autobiography and Biography 4) Plot and Theme 5) Prose Fiction and Non-Fiction Prose |
The learners copy the assignment | Better understanding of Prose. |