RADIO, TELEVISION AND ELECTRONICS WORKS

WAEC SYLLABUS ON RADIO, TELEVISION AND ELECTRONICS WORKS

PREAMBLE:

This examination syllabus evolved from the Senior Secondary School curriculum forTrade Subjects. It is intended to give candidates insight into the world of Radio,Television and Electronics Works; improve their attitude towards the maintenance andrepairs of radio, television and electronic equipment and enable them to appreciate therelationship between science and technology.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the syllabus is to test the candidates’ knowledge and understanding ofthe following:
(i) Workshop Safety Rules and Regulations;
(ii) Basic Electricity;
(iii) Electronic Tools and Instruments;
(iv) Electronic Devices and Circuits;
(v) Electronic Communication Systems;
(vi) Workshop Practice and Maintenance;
(vii) Entrepreneurship in Radio, Television and Electronics Works.

EXAMINATION SCHEME

There will be three papers, Papers 1, 2 and 3, all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 shall bea composite paper to be taken at one sitting.

PAPER 1:

will consist of forty multiple-choice objective questions, all of which are to beanswered in 45 minutes for 40 marks.

PAPER 2:

will consist of six short-structured questions. Candidates will be required to answerany four in 1 hour for 60 marks.

PAPER 3:

will be a practical test of 2 hour duration. It will consist of three skill-basedquestions out of which candidates will answer two for 90 marks.
A list of materials for the test shall be made available to schools not less than twoweeks before the paper is taken for materials procurement and relevant preparations.

Alternative to Practical Work:

Alternatively, in the event that materials for the actual practical test cannot beacquired the Council may consider testing theoretically, candidates’ level ofacquisition of the practical skills prescribed in the syllabus. For this alternativetest, there will be two compulsory questions to be answered in 2 hours for 100marks.

Industrial Attachment:

This should be done by the candidates during the long vacation between theirSS II and SS III course. It will be supervised and assessed by their subjectteachers. It will carry 10 marks.


DETAILED SYLLABUS

TOPICCONTENTSNOTES

1. Workshop Safety Rules and Regulations

1.1 Sources and Prevention of Hazards

Concept of safety
Sources of hazards
Treatments should include electric shock,
damp or wet floor, wrong handling of tools,
improper workshop dressing, horse play in theworkshop

1.2 Safety Checks in Servicing Radio Receiver

Preparation of work areas
Capacitor discharges
Working on power lines and live circuits
Handling of tools

1.3 Safety Precautions in Television Workshop

Power supplies in T.V.
Picture tube
High voltage section
Component rating

2. Basic Electricity

2.1 Structure of matter

Definition and structure of matter
Atomic structure

2.2 Conductors, insulators and semiconductors

Qualitative treatment only - definition and uses

2.3 Current, voltage and resistance

Definition, units and symbols of voltage,current and resistance
Laws of attraction and repulsion of charges

2.4 Electronic components

Identification of components by name, type,graphical symbol, value and rating
Treatments should include resistors, capacitors,inductors, diodes, transformers, transistors,integrated circuit etc

2.5 Resistors and Capacitors

Graphical symbols, types, values and ratingsColour code of resistors and capacitors.
Comparison between meter measured andcolour code values.
Testing of capacitors

2.6 Kirchhoff’s Current and Voltage Laws

Concepts, definitions and calculations

2.7 Diodes and Transistors

Types, graphical symbols and structure.
Treatments should include testing for diodesand transistor configuration (CC,CE and CB)

2.8 Battery

Graphical symbol of a battery( primary celland secondary cell) and types
Testing of battery
Treatments should include difference betweenwet and dry cells

2.9 Ohm’s law

Definition
Symbols and relationship between voltage,current and resistance.
Resistors in series and parallel

2.10 Electric power

Definition, measurement and calculation

2.11 Direct and Alternating Current

Definitions, difference, uses and measurementof d.c. and a.c.

2.12 Alternating waveform

Definition and calculation
Treatments should include r.m.s., peak, andaverage values, frequency and period in an a.c.waveform

3. Electronic Tools and Instruments

3.1 Electronic hand tools

Types and uses
Treatments should include screw drivers,diagonal cutters, soldering gun, soldering iron,lead sucker or de-soldering tools, pocket knife,stripper and soldering wick

3.2 Electronic measuring instruments

Identification, uses and operation.
Treatments should include voltmeter, ammeter,ohmmeter, multi meter.
Basic a.c. and d.c. circuit, measurements ofvoltage, current and resistanceOhmmeter for testing semiconductor devices.
Identification of faulty meter.

3.3 Fault Finding Equipment

Identification, uses and operation
Treatments should include oscilloscope, signaltracer, digital frequency counter, logic probe,TV analyzer

4. Electronics Devices and Circuits

4.1 Meaning of Electronics and Electronic circuit

Definition

4.2 Concept of emission and photoelectricdevices

Definition and application
Treatments should include types of emissione.g. Thermionic, photoelectric, field andsecondary

4.3 Semiconductors devices

Semiconductor theory and types
Semiconductor diodes
Treatment should include rectification,principles of operation, characteristics andapplication

4.4 Power Supply Unit

Principle and operation, schematic diagram.
Rectification and types.
Filters.
Construction of stabilized low d.c. powersupply unit

4.5 Amplifiers

Operation, construction and uses of Class A, B,C and AB amplifiers

4.6 Resistive, Inductive, Capacitive (RLC)circuits

Quantitative treatments only

4.7 Feedback

Concept of feedback
Differences between types and theiradvantages
Effect of a positive feedback on amplifiers,bandwidth, noise, gain and distortion

4.8 Oscillators and Multivibrators

Principle and types of oscillator.
Construction of a typical oscillator circuit.
Types of multivibrator.
Treatments to include astable, bistable andmonostable.

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5. Electronic Communication Systems

5.1 Electronic Communication Systems

Definition and types
Block diagram, operation and function of eachstage
Noise

5.2 Electromagnetic spectrum

Definition and classification
Propagation of radio waves
Radio frequency band- VLF, LF, MF, HF,VHF,UHF,SHF and EHF
Application of frequency range in electroniccommunication – frequency spectrum to beintensified

5.3 Transducer

Definition, types and functions
Treatments should include loudspeaker,microphone, video camera, video displayunit(cathode ray tube(CRT),Liquid CrystalDisplay(LCD))

5.4 Modulation and demodulation

Definition, principle of operation and types ofmodulation
AM and FM waveforms and envelopes
Percentage of modulation – modulation indexand modulation factor

5.5 Radio transmitter and receiver

Meaning and function of carrier wave in radiocommunication.
Definition and types of demodulation

5.5 Radio transmitter and receiver

Function(s) and operation
Block diagram and function of each stage
Types of radio receivers – Tuned RadioReceiver(TRF), super heterodyne receivers(FMand AM)
Advantages and disadvantages of each

5.6 Selectivity and sensitivity

Definition.
Concept and function of tuner in radio receiver.
Identification of tuner stage in radio receiver

5.7 Resonant circuit

Definition, types of resonance ( series andparallel)
Concept of bandwidth and bandwidth ranges
Calculation involving frequency ranges todetermine bandwidth
Treatments should include derivation of theformula for resonant frequency

5.8 Satellite Communication Systems

Elements and types
Transmission and receptionAntenna

5.9 Television Transmitter

Working principle
Block diagram
Stages

5.10 Image and Sound Reproduction in TVreceiver

Principle of scanning
Video signals
Principle of FM detection

5.11 Monochrome Television Receiver

Concept of Television
Function and operation
Application of television system

5.12 Principles of operation of Colour
Television
Receiver

Block diagram and function of each stage
Processing of picture and sound signal

5.13 Principle of Colour Signal, TransmissionandReception

Primary colours in television
Colour television systems and standards –PAL, SECAM and NTSC
Colour signal components

6. Workshop Practice and Maintenance

6.1 Soldering and Desoldering in ElectronicCircuits

Techniques and precautions
Types of solder
Types of flux – amber resin and NaCl solutions

6.2 Electronic Repairs

Dismantling and reassembling of power supplyunitin a radio set
Dismantling and reassembling RF, IF detector
Stages in a radio receiver set
AF amplifier circuit
Installation and maintenance of a car radio set

6.3 Fault finding and repairs in radio receiver

Diagnose fault by using fault finding pieces ofequipment and logical trouble shootingprocedure
Components responsible for faults
Remedies for the faults
Alignment of RF and IF stages of a radio setusingthe necessary equipment and tools

6.4 Electronic Measuring Instruments

Use of multimeter
Treatments should include measurement of thecorrect value of current, voltage and resistancein active and passive electronic componentsandcircuits

6.5 Diagnosis and Repair of Black and WhiteTVReceiver

Procedure for TV repairs
Use of service information manual and circuitdiagram
Identification of symptoms and repair of faults
Fault clearing instruments

6.6 Diagnose and Repair of a ColourTelevisionReceiver

Symptoms of faults
Fault clearing at each stage
Static and dynamic colour convergencecomparison
Colour bar generator and signal testing

7. Entrepreneurship in Radio, TelevisionandElectronic Works

7.1 Business Management and Finance

Accounting practices
Cost benefit analysis
Purchasing method
Business records(Accounting ledger,
Repair order form, Inventory sheet)
Sources of capital e.g. Banks and Credit
Unions

7.2 Customer Relations

Daily appearance at work
Customer psychology
Working relations
Telephone courtesy

7.3 Business Opportunities in Radio, TV andElectronics works

Business Opportunities in Radio and TV Work
Satellite installation
Electronic specialist
Radio and TV consultant
Radio and TV technician
Sales and Service Craft man
Antenna and TV installation work

LIST OF FACILITIES AND MAJOR EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS REQUIRED

(1) Screw drivers
(2) Diagonal cutters
(3) Soldering gun,iron and lead
(4) Desoldering tools
(5) Pocket knife
(6) Stripper
(7) Semiconductor diodes
(8) Digital and analog multimeters
(9) Loudspeaker, microphone
(10) Cathode Ray Tube/LCD

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(11) Nose pliers
(12) Old electronics panel
(13) Resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors
(14) Vero board/breadboard
(15) D.C. power supplies
(16) Transformers
(17) Radio and television sets
(18) Oscilloscope
(19) Signal generator
(20) Magnifying glass
(21) Pattern generator (TV)

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