Literary Device
Poetry Devices
Subject: Literature-in-English
Theme: Literary Device
Topic: Poetic Devices
Sub Topic: Figurative Language
Date: dd/mm/yyyy
Class: S.S 1
Average Age: 14 years and above
Duration: 35 Minutes
No of Learners: 40
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the lesson learners should be able to:DEFINE Poetic Devices:
There are many styles of literary devices, each serving a different purpose. Some operate at the sentence level, while others serve the piece of writing as a whole. Writers often use multiple literary devices in tandem.A literary device is a tool used by writers to hint at larger themes, ideas, and meaning in a story or piece of writing.
Literary devices are specific techniques that allow a writer to convey a deeper meaning that goes beyond what’s on the page. Literary devices work alongside plot and characters to elevate a story and prompt reflection on life, society, and what it means to be human.
Classify Poetic Devices:
1. Figurative Language/Speech: is any language/speech that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to create new meaning. Figurative Language/Speech affects the meaning of the poem. The most common figures of speech are simile, metaphor, and alliteration.
2. Auditory Devices: Unlike figurative language/speech, affect the sound of the poem. The most common auditory devices are Alliteration, Assonance, Onomatopoeia, Refrain, Rhyme, Stanza, Couplet, Quatrain.
List and explain figures of speech with example:
1. Hyperbole: A figure of speech which uses extreme exaggeration.
Example, I'll never get this fishing line untangled in a million years!.
2. Metaphor: A figure of speech that compares two or more things with a similar quality and does not use “like” or “as”. One thing is said to be another.
Example, (i) Life is a banana cream pie.
(ii) Time is money.
3. Simile: A figure of speech that compares two things by using “like” or “as.”
Example, (i) He was as excited as a kid at Christmas.
(ii) He looked like a Jack-in-the-box the way he kept jumping up.
4. Oxymoron: A device where seemingly opposite words are placed together for effect.
Example, Ms. Smith always tries to “act naturally,” especially when her students are being “seriously funny.”
5. Pun A play on words.
Example, Kings worry about a receding heir line.
6. Imagery: The mental impression summoned up by a word, phrase or sentence. It suggests to the reader what to think and feel. E.t.c.
List and explain auditory devices with example:
1. Alliteration: The repetition of initial sounds in words within a line or verse of poetry.
Example, Ms. Smith's English class causes her confusion.
2. Assonance: Repetition of the same vowel sound in a line of poetry. It is often used to slow the pace of poetry.
She lived in the hills.
3. Onomatopoeia: The use of words which suggest their meaning when pronounced.
The bees “buzz” the clock “tick tocks” the snake “hisses”
4. Rhyme: Two words which end with identical sounds (rhyme depends on sound, not spelling)
Crime/rhyme/slime/time
5. Refrain: A line or group of lines which are repeated in the course of a poem (usually at the end of each stanza)
6. Stanza: A group of lines which form a division of a poem
7. Couplet: A stanza of two lines.
8. Quatrain: A stanza of four lines
Rationale:
A literary device is a tool used by writers to hint at larger themes, ideas, and meaning in a story or piece of writing. There are many styles of literary devices, each serving a different purpose. Some operate at the sentence level, while others serve the piece of writing as a whole. Writers often use multiple literary devices in tandem.Prerequisite/ Previous knowledge:
Storyings, songs, history etc.Learning Resources:
Flash cards showing types of figures of speech, an audio video youtube examples, Figures of speech with examples written on a cardboard sheet. Available useful objects.Reference Materials:
J.O.J. Nwachukwu et al: Exam Focus: Literature-in-English 2021-2025Tony Duru: Standard Literature-in-English
Internet.
Lesson Development:
STAGE |
TEACHER'S ACTIVITY |
LEARNER'S ACTIVITY |
LEARNING POINTS |
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP 1: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE full class session (3 mins) |
The teacher Introduces the lesson by asking questions based on previous knowledge; 1. List and explain types of Poems. 2. List and explain types of verse |
The students respond to the questions based on previous knowledge.Types of Poems are:1. Narrative: The story-line of the poem. A narrative poem is a poem written to tell a particular story.
|
Learner’s entry points. |
|
|
|||
| STEP 2: INTRODUCTION full class session (3 mins) |
The teacher review/introduce what they are going to study today; what poetic devices is; the classes of poetry device and figures of speech. | The students listen attentively to the teacher. | Introducing the topic for discussion. |
|
|
|||
| STEP 3: DEVELOPMENT Group Work (2 mins) |
The teacher guides the learners to form four groups and asks them to choose their leaders and secretaries. | Learners choose their group leaders and secretaries. | Inculcating leadership skills, competitive spirit, cooperation, teamwork and a sense of responsibility among learners. |
|
| |||
| STEP 4: EXPLORATION 3 mins Mode: Individual |
The teacher read a poet (
A GOVERNMENT DRIVER ON HIS RETIREMENT
BY CHIBUIKE ONU) for the students to explain Many years on wheels In faithful service to his fatherland Today retires he home And a celebration he holds Many years has he pummeled his boozy throat In obedience to duty rules and regulations Today, he’ll go home afreeman Eligible for his country’s services “Come friends, rejoice with me I shall booze and zoom myself home Away from duty rules Come celebrate my freedom” “Early to duty tomorrow holds not, Thirty-five years of faithful services I’ll booze to sleep away my sufferings More joy to send him home A brand new car in his name An appreciative symbol For undented thirty years of service to fatherland “Come friends, and rejoice more, Joy till nomor ejoy to joy Today frees and makes me a king My patience rewarded.” And so, he boozed and boozed Celebrating the celebrationo f his retirement From faithful service to fatherland He battled with his bottle booze On his way home on wheels, Booze booze dhis vision and clear judgment He boomed his brand new car And it sent him home Home to rest in peace. The teacher inform the students that the poet uses language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words. The teacher thereafter asks the student to defined poetic device. |
The students tried to explain the subject matter of the poet, thereafter defined poetic device. Poetic device is the use of any language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to create new meaning. |
Identification of prior ideas. |
|
|
|||
| STEP 5: DISCUSSION 5 mins. Mode: Group |
The teacher guides the students to classify poetic devices | The students quickly classify poetic devices. The types of poetry are; 1. Figurative Language/Speech: is any language/speech that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to create new meaning. Figurative Language/Speech affects the meaning of the poem. The most common figures of speech are simile, metaphor, and alliteration. 2. Auditory Devices: Unlike figurative language/speech, affect the sound of the poem. The most common auditory devices are Alliteration, Assonance, Onomatopoeia, Refrain, Rhyme, Stanza, Couplet, Quatrain. |
Being able to list and explain the classification of poetic device. |
|
|
|||
| STEP 6: APPLICATION 4 mins Mode: Group |
The Teacher guides the students to list and explain figures of speech with example. | The students expected answer.1. Alliteration:
the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
|
Being able to list and explain some figures of speech. |
|
|
|||
| STEP 6: EVALUATION Mode: Entire Class 5 mins |
The teacher asks the students the following questions: (1) Define poetic device. (2) List the classes of poetic device. (3) List and explain three figures of speech. |
The students Provide answers to the
following questions.: (1) Poetic device is any language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to create new meaning. (2) Classification of poetic devices: (i) Figurative Language/Speech (ii) Auditory Devices (3) (i) Similes: figures of speech that compares two unlike things, using the words like or as. E.g "His feet were as big as boats." (ii) Metaphor: a figure of speech that compares two unlike things, without the use of like or as. E.g "Her hair is silk." (iii) Personification: Object is made to sound like a „person‟ or given human characteristics. Conversely, When an animal is given human characteristics, the techniques used is not personification but anthropomorphism. E.g The sun is smiling. |
Asking the learners questions to assess the achievement of the set objectives. |
We provide educational resources/materials, curriculum guide, syllabus, scheme of work, lesson note & plan, waec, jamb, O-level & advance level GCE lessons/tutorial classes, on various topics, subjects, career, disciplines & department etc. for all the Class of Learners |
|||
| ASSIGNMENT | The teacher gives learners take home Write short poems, poets using poetic devices. |
The learners copy the assignment | Better understanding of Poetic devices. |
|
|
|||
| CONCLUSION 2 mins |
The teachers wrap up from the learners' contribution on poetic devices. Figurative Language are poetic devices whose literal meaning of words create new meaning. The most common figures of speech are simile, metaphor, and alliteration. |
The students listen to the teacher and copy down notes. | Consolidating and harmonizing scientific concepts. |